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Church Councils of Split is a collective name for several church councils that were held in the town of Split in the early Middle Ages, and whose conclusions have significance for the whole territory of the early Croatian Kingdom. Two most important Councils were convened by Pope John X in years 925 and 928. Since 920's the Byzantine Empire was considerably weakened so Emperor Romanos I gave management over Dalmatia to the Croatian King Tomislav. This is confirmed by the fact that the Byzantine governor of Dalmatia wasn't listed as one of the participants on the official council documents. Tomislav needed to connect the church authorities in Croatia and Dalmatia so he could easily integrate Dalmatia into his Kingdom. ==Church council of 925== First church council of Split was convened by Pope John X in year 925. The main task of this Council was solving issues of the ecclesiastical jurisdiction in the Kingdom of Croatia and the eradication of the Slavic language and the Glagolitic alphabet in the liturgy.〔Goldstein, Ivo, Hrvatski rani srednji vijek, Zagreb, 1995. ISBN 953-175-043-2, p. 278.-279.〕〔Povijest, srednji vijek, Zagreb, 2003. ISBN 953-0-60573-0, p. 92〕 Just before the beginning of the Council session the Pope sent two legacies, John-Bishop of Ancona and Leon-Bishop of Palestine, to give one invitation letter to each of the Slavic rulers, Archbishop of Split and other Dalmatian bishops.〔Zelić-Bučan, Benedikta, Članci i rasprave iz starije hrvatske povijesti, HKD sv. Jeronima, Zagreb, 1994. ISBN 953-6111-06-3, p.135〕 During the Council session, which was attended by the Croatian King Tomislav and Michael of Zahumlje, various ecclesiastical organization and discipline issues were discussed, while 15 conclusions were adopted. Most important question was one about the seat of the newly founded ecclesiastical province of Croatia and Dalmatia. Contenders for the Seat of Metropolitan were: ''Ivan-Archbishop of Split'', as the successor of Salona Church founded by alleged student of Saint Peter Saint Domnius, ''Formin-Bishop of Zadar'', as representative of Zadar, capital of Dalmatia, and ''Gregory-Bishop of Nin'', whose diocese was territoriality the largest. Article 1 of the Councils decisions states that "seat of the newly founded ecclesiastical province will be granted to the church and city where the bones of Saint Domnius lie", i.e. Split. Furthermore, articles 2, 3, 8 and 9 state that delegates agreed upon the issue of borders between individual dioceses, as well as on questions about regulation of the church estates (articles 4 and 5). Article 14 defines that the connection between Christian marriage and education of clerics is unbreakable, while article 15 regulates question of clerical marriage. Penalties in the case of serious crimes such as murder of master, priest or ruler are contained in articles 6, 7 and 13. Article 11 specifically emphasizes that the bishop of Nin is suffragan bishop of the Split Metropolitan. Article 10 prohibited the ordination and promotion of those priests who didn't know Latin, except if there wasn't enough priests in the area. This decision was directed against the Glagolitic clergy and those who served mass in Slavic language because Pope didn't understand it so he was afraid that those priests might spread heresy.〔Zelić-Bučan, Benedikta, Članci i rasprave iz starije hrvatske povijesti, HKD sv. Jeronima, Zagreb, 1994. ISBN 953-6111-06-3, p.136〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Church Councils of Split」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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